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Rule 2: Noun-Adjective Agreement

The second rule of Latin grammar is that adjectives will agree with the nouns they describe in case, number, and gender. But this rule can lead to some interesting situations, and allows for great flexibility in Latin word order. From here comes some of the great beauty of poetry.

91 rules of grammar adjectives nouns

Supines in Latin

The supines are an amazing to say bit of complex grammar. It is a strange fourth declension verbal noun only found in two cases: the accusative and ablative singular. This video covers formation and translation of this very weird noun... verb... verbal noun. Mirabile dictu!

fourth declension nouns verbs

Third Declension i-Stems

The third declension is a little bit more varied than many choose to admit. Along with the standard endings (which belong to the consonantal stems of the third declension) are those that are used with third declension words ending in an -i in their stem. These are the third declension i-stems, and they aren't *that* different from the third declension consonantal stems.

nouns third declension

The Locative Case

With most words, Latin shows location by using the preposition in plus the ablative case. But this isn't the case for cities, towns, and small islands (and a few other words), which have kept a very old case - the locative.

cases first declension nouns second declension third declension

Introducing 91 Rules of Latin Grammar

Starting next week, I will be releasing a new series called "91 Rules", in which I will review the most basic and essential parts of Latin grammar. Stay tuned!

91 rules of grammar

The Present Passive Subjunctive

The present passive subjunctive is very similar to the present active subjunctive. You still have your vowel shift (We fear a liar or Wendy wears a giant diaper), but instead of the active endings, you use the passive ones. Simple, no? Don't forget that the passive of facio is fio, though. This will help you when you come to words like "fiat".

passive voice subjunctive mood verbs

Future Active Participles

The future active participle puts the U R in future. You will also find that this participle is used in the active periphrastic, a substitute for the future tense and also used in many situations where the future cannot happen.

active voice adjectives participles verbs

The Pluperfect Passive

The passive voice of the pluperfect tense seems to be a careful combination of the perfect passive and the pluperfect active. It's quick, easy, and painless, especially if you know your theory of tenses. (N.B., much of this video may seem familiar to you if you already know the perfect passive - but that's by design, since it's just a small flick of the wrist to change from one to the other)

indicative mood passive voice verbs

Yes and No Questions in Latin

There are three different types of yes and no questions in Latin: those that expect a yes answer, those a no answer, and those without any expectation whatsoever. This video covers how Latin makes these types of questions. It's either the words num, nonne, or just -ne.

background introduction

Irregular Verbs: fero, ferre, tuli, latus

Irregular verbs can be a bear, but fero, ferre is very important. This video covers the full conjugation of this irregular verb, then goes deeper and explains the irregularities.

irregular verbs verbs

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  • Latin doesn't have to be hard, and with the help of online descriptions of complicated grammatical topics, I hope it isn't. If you're a teacher, feel free to use these videos in your class, either to flip the learning, or for review. If you're a student, learn as much as you can. Check out the about page for more information.